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This 3 page paper provides an overview of a powerpoint presentation on motivational theories, including the hierarchy of needs and self-determination theories. This paper considers Maslow and McClelland's views, as well as self-determination theories by Ryan and Deci and Jean Watson. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MH11_MHhierneed.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
needs, and that these needs followed a hierarchical scheme. Specific "lower" needs, including physiological needs (food, water, warmth, etc.) were ranked as more of a driving force in individual
behavior than higher needs (Maslows Hierarchy, 2005). Basic needs, including physiological, safety and social needs, have to be satisfied before individuals can go in pursuit of esteem needs and
self-actualization. David McClelland assessed factors that motivate workers in the workplace setting as an extension of this model. McClelland expanded on Abraham Maslows hierarchy of needs, asserting that
there were essentially only three basic needs that corresponded with workplace process. McClelland argued that the three needs were acquired over time and that the needs impacted every aspect
of life experience, especially those that influenced job performance and workplace interactions. These included: 1. Achievement: Individuals who pursue achievement focus on individual activities and seek high risk
tasks to demonstrate their abilities and successes; 2. Affiliation: Individuals who pursue affiliation place a high value on harmonious relationships, and want to be accepted, so conform to norms and
work well in team situations; 3. Power: Individuals who seek power fall into two categories: individuals who seek personal power by directing other sand those who support institutional
power, who work towards organizational goals (McClellands Theory of Needs, 2007). While Maslows theory explains how individuals pursue specific behaviors based on their ability to meet specific needs, McClellands expansion
of Maslows views relate more to organizational behaviors. Slide: Deci and Ryan on Self-Determination Intrinsic Motivation: Doing something because it is enjoyable; Extrinsic Motivation: Doing
something based on a goal orientation. Speaker Notes: Deci and Ryan focused on the concept of self-determination, or the capacity to apply individual skills as a component of personal
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