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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper examines some of the most common causes of erythroblastosis fetalis also known as hemolytic disease in newborn infants presenting the pathophysiology of the condition. The bibliography cites four sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TS14_TEhemolytic.rtf
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and Deshpande, 2006). It was not until 1932 that the relationship of erythroblasts in circulation, jaundice and fetal hydrops was described by Diamond (et al, quoted Wagle and Deshpande, 2006).
It was not until the discovery of the rhesus (Rh) blood group system by Landsteiner and Weiner in 1940 that the cause of the condition was identified (Wagle and Deshpande,
2006, Strauss et al, 2004). The condition is mostly present during and in infants of pregnancies where there are blood incompatibilities between the fetus and the mother. Fetal blood
cells will contain antigens such as A, B, and D which are not found in others red blood cells. An example of this is a rh- negative mother will not
have had the antigen in her own red blood cells and may be pregnant with the fetus that is rh+ and does have the de antigen present (Brantley, 2002).
The condition develops due to the way that antibody-coated erythrocytes (sensitized erythrocytes) in the newborn child. The mother will be immunized due to
transplacental hemorrhage, such as with the delivery of the infant, and abortion, ectopic pregnancy as well as an increased risk during amniocentesis (Kasprisin et al, 1987; Strauss et al, 2004).
It is also possible that during a normal pregnancy there will be a spontaneous transplacental hemorrhage (Strauss et al, 2004; Kasprisin et al, 1987).
When it occurs there may then be a transfer of the IgG antibody 40% to the fetus which will cause hemolysis in the antigen positive fetus (Strauss et al,
2004; Kasprisin et al, 1987). The result is red cell destruction and the resulting condition depends upon the severity of this destruction. The consequential hemolytic disease in the newborn may
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