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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page research paper that argues that Santiago in the Hemingway novella The Old Man and the Sea is a Christ-like figure. The writer discusses the numerous allusions to Christian symbolism that are in this narrative and their ultimate meaning. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khhemsan.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
in this narrative. Some critics have compared the old man of the story, Santiago, to St. James, as "Santiago" is "James" in Spanish, and this disciple of Christ as was
also a fisherman (Withrow). Others have compared Santiago to additional Christian figures, such as St. Francis of Assisi; however, examination of the story demonstrates that the most emphatic connections are
between Santiago and Christ himself, as numerous references abound. Furthermore, examination of the novella and the Christian symbolism suggests that, in this narrative, Hemingway succeeded in reconciling his Catholic background
with his humanistic ethos of masculinity. In 1952, when The Old Man and the Sea was first published, critic Philip Young points out that the story was a metaphor,
in which "Hemingway indicated his deep respect and enlists ours through the enhancing use of Christian symbols" (Wittkowski 2). Peter L. Hays refers to the story as "a parable" (102).
Carlos Baker reiterated this sentiment in 1956, but with a new twist, asserting that the Christian mentality, within the course of the story, "supplants the fighter ethos of the
old man" (Wittkowski 2). This inspired other critics to write about Santiagos insight into the tragic "limitations of humanity and the consequent victory of a democratic and interpersonal way of
thinking" (Wittkowski 2). The main thrust of such interpretations is that Santiago, in his actions, is in fact an "imitatio Christi" (Wittkowski 2). While critics are generally agreed that Santiago
carries the "heavy burden of Christ symbolism," they disagree over the extent to which this identification functions within the novella, and how this symbolism should be ultimately interpreted (Wilson 369).
As the story begins, Hemingway establishes that Santiago had gone eighty-four days without catching a fish and that for the first forty days of this period, the boy had
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