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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 7 page outline of the state of knowledge that exists today concerning AIDS and HIV. This paper describes the etiology of this disease, its mechanism of spread, its prevalence, and the current efforts to find a cure. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPaids3.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), that fatal disease that has been in the headlines for over two decades (Hollen, 2004). AIDS gained its name because HIV attacks the human immune
system making it ineffective in fighting disease or sickness caused by microbial organisms. The virus currently infects some forty million people (Moore, 2004). Although numerous treatments are in
the experimental stages and several drugs have been used successfully to temporarily prolong the lives of persons infected with AIDS, a cure has yet to be discovered. Without treatment
the picture is grim at best, death usually occurs within a few months to a few years after the virus attack on the human system.
The etiology of this disease is quite interesting. HIV, a lentivirus subgroup of retroviruses, enters the white blood cells of its human host. It
attacks the thymus-derived lymphocytes (T-cells) and in particular the specialized helper T-cells called CD4 cells. Once it enters a cell HIV proceeds to duplicate itself by making a copy
of its ribonucleic acid (RNA), its genetic material, and translating this genetic information into deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and integrating itself into the chromosomes of the affected cell. This duplication
process is carried out with the help of an enzymatic reaction controlled by the enzyme reverse transcriptase. When a HIV virus is ready to duplicate it forms long precursor
chains of polyproteins which split, under the direction of another enzyme called protease, into individually functioning viral cells. Protease is a protein cleaving enzyme which cuts the long chains
into individual units needed for viral replication and assembly. Unlike normal cellular reproduction, HIV infected cells have the ability to mutate rapidly.
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