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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page paper that begins by explaining what a genetic disorder is and the four types of genetic disorders with examples. The rest of the paper discusses breast cancer, known chromosomal abnormalities, incidence, symptoms and treatment. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGbrcnc8.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
2008). There are four types of genetic disorders: single-gene or monogenic where the abnormalities are in just one gene; multifactorial also called complex or polygenic, where abnormalities are found in
multiple genes; chromosomal which means there are abnormalities in the chromosome, which carries the genetic material through the body; and mitochondrial inheritance, which is "caused by mutations in the nonchromosomal
DNA of mitochondria" (Hecht and Hecht, 2008; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 2008). This last one is very rare. There are more than 6,000 single-gene diseases, all of which
are inherited (Hecht and Hecht, 2008). Some examples include sickle-cell anemia and cystic fibrosis (Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 2008). Multifactorial genetic diseases are caused by both heredity and
the environment (Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 2008). Examples of multifactorial genetic diseases include heart disease, high blood pressure, arthritis and Alzheimers disease (Hecht and Hecht, 2008). Examples of
chromosomal genetic disorders include Downs syndrome and trisomy (Hecht and Hecht, 2008; Office of Biological and Environmental Research, 2008). A disease may be genetic but not hereditary. For example, breast
cancer is a genetic disease. Scientists know that: "different genes that influence breast cancer susceptibility have been found on chromosomes 6, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, and 22" (Hecht and
Hecht, 2008). Breast cancer in both men and women is a genetic disorder but it is not necessarily hereditary (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2008). This is a disease where
specific cells become abnormal and those cells begin to multiply until they form a tumor (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2008). The two common forms of breast cancer are ductal
cancer and lobular cancer (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2008). Ductal cancer occurs when the cells that line the ducts that transport milk to the nipples become abnormal; lobular cancer
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