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This 3 page paper compares the theories of intelligence developed by Howard Gardner and Robert Sternberg. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVgarstr.rtf
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of intelligence Gardner and Sternberg have developed, because each has several categories and subcategories. In his "triarchic" theory, Sternberg posits three categories of intelligence: analytic, creative (or experiential) and practical
(Grant). Within the analytic intelligence are three subcategories: "Metacomponents, Performance components, and Knowledge-acquisition components" (Grant). Metacomponents are the "higher-order or executive processes" such as those used in "planning, monitoring" and
evaluating a task (Grant). The "performance components" are the processes used by the brain to perform the steps "developed by the Metacomponents" (Grant). Finally, the "knowledge-acquisition components" are lower-order processes
(Grant). These processes include "selective encoding" (separating relevant and irrelevant information); "selective combination" (combining newly acquired information with older knowledge) and "selective comparison" (comparing the two and using the comparison
to update the metacomponents) (Grant). The creative component of intelligence "examines how people approach new and unfamiliar tasks" and is also considered that part of intelligence we call "insight" (Grant).
This component also has further divisions, into "novelty and automatization" (Grant). Novelty is the way a person reacts to something he has never encountered before while automatization describes the way
a person "handles repeated tasks"; i.e., practice (Grant). The final of the three main components of Sternbergs theory is the contextual or practical facet, which is how the individuals
intelligence "adapts to their current environment," shapes that environment, or even "selects a better environment" (Grant). Grant argues that what truly sets Sternbergs thinking apart is that he includes the
practical and creative aspects of the personality in his model. "Sternberg believes that no intelligence test can ever fully account for the cultural discrepancies which he represents in the contextual
dimension of his theory" (Grant). Another source gives us these definitions for Sternbergs theory. Practical intelligence is that which gives people the "ability to do well in informal and formal
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