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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 pages research paper that discusses the personality theories of Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers, relative to the part of personality that each theorist felt was "hidden," or suppressed. The writer argues that Freud sees human personality as a construct that is built atop basic instinctual behavior that has to be controlled, with personality resulting from compromises that are made between instinctual urges and social demands. Rogers feels that personality, that is, the "self," results from interactions between the person as an organism and the environment, with the individual motivated by a drive toward personal actualization. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khfrgers.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Both Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers hypothesize that there are components to personality that are not readily discernible, which are, therefore, hidden. This main concept, however, appears to be one
of their few points of agreement as their theories on personality development differ quite sharply. Freud sees human personality as a construct that is built atop basic instinctual behavior that
has to be controlled, with personality resulting from compromises that are made between instinctual urges and social demands. Rogers feels that personality, that is, the "self," results from interactions between
the person as an organism and the environment. Freud posits that human personality is composed of three separate, but interacting systems, the id, the ego, and the superego (Holme,
et al, 1972). The id is the depository of instinctual energy, the part of personality that provides all sexual and aggressive tendencies. This is the factor of personality that must,
in order for civilization to exist, remain suppressed, or "hidden." The ego, the part of personality that is public, mediates between the demands of the id and the superego, which
represents traditional values and the ideals of society (Holme, et al, 1972). Freud felt that the id was the original system of the personality, that is, the raw material
from which the ego and the superego become differentiated in early childhood (Holme, et al, 1972). Because the id is a component of the simpler part of the mind, Freud
theorized that it follows the "pleasure principle" (1998). The id displays this principle by seeking sensual gratification, while attempting to reduce painful tensions to the lowest possible level (Freud, 1998).
The ids energy is completely subconscious, which leaves it up to the conscious part of the mind, the ego, to handle dealing with the outside world. In Civilization and Its
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