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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page review of several key sociological theories that affect a criminal's re-entry into
society after serving out their time in the criminal justice system. Theories that are discussed include the Containment Theory, the Self-Control Theory, Rational Choice, Routine Activities, General Deterrence, Specific Deterrence, and the ecological perspectives theory. No sources are listed.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPcrmRel.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
A number of sociological concepts are important when devising a plan for the smooth reentry of a convict into society. Convicts must be prepared for reentry by
the instillation of an understanding of why they originally committed their crimes and the means that they will have to employ to renegotiate their relationship with society. The development
of positive social networks is one of the most important criteria in reducing recidivism so inmates that are contemplating release should concentrate on how they will go about developing those
networks. Two theories in particular are of interest in this regard. These are the Containment Theory (developed by sociologist Walter C. Reckless in the 1950s and 1960s) and
the Self-Control Theory (a theory also known as the "general theory of crime" developed by Michael Gottredson and Travis Hirschi in the 1980s). Additional sociological constructs which are important
in preparing criminals for reentry into society are those surrounding the theories of Rational Choice (which covers the factors relating to deterrence), Routine Activities, General Deterrence, Specific Deterrence, and the
ecological perspectives theory (which considers social factors, disorganization, control and the learning process). Gottredson and Hirschis Self-Control Theory contends that
criminal behavior is perpetuated to meet the perpetrators own self-interest. While non-criminals have learned through a process of socialization and training to restrict their desires in the interest of
society as a whole, criminals have not. Gottredson and Hirschi attribute this failure to inadequate or improper child-rearing which result in a low ability for self-control. Under this
theory, therefore, criminals are not unique in that they experience socially forbidden impulses, they are unique in that they fail to exert the self-control necessary to abstain from acting upon
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