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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 10 page paper explains and discusses the expectancy theory of motivation. The major premises of valence, expectancy and instrumentality are explained. Vroom noted two prerequisites for effort to occur and these are explained. Other researchers have offered formulas to demonstrate how the basic components in expectancy theory relate to each other in order to result in motivation force. Three such formulas are included in the essay. The integration of expectancy theory with reinforcement theory is discussed as are the different theories that use expectancy theory as a basis or that incorporate the tenets. The essay concludes with an example of how expectancy theory was used in one small company. Tutorial comments are sprinkled throughout the essay. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGexth2.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
expectancy and instrumentality are explained. Vroom noted two prerequisites for effort to occur and these are explained. Other researchers have offered formulas to demonstrate how the basic components in expectancy
theory relate to each other in order to result in motivation force. Three formulas are included in the essay. The integration of expectancy theory with reinforcement theory is discussed as
are the different theories that use expectancy theory as a basis or that incorporate the tenets. The essay concludes with an example of how expectancy theory was used in one
small company. Expectancy Theory [Tutorial: We will begin with statements that lead into the discussion of expectancy theory. They student may choose to lengthen this section with a
more comprehensive discussion but the student should not shorten it. For example, the list of 7 major categories of theories of motivation could be formatted as a bullet list with
an explanation of each.] Motivating employees is a challenging task because of the varying needs and desires that drive human behavior. There are numerous theories about motivation, all of which
have value and can be employed successfully. There is no single theory that will be appropriate or effective with all employees for the very simple reason that everyone is different.
This essay looks at one theory, expectancy theory. Researchers and theorists have identified seven theories of motivation: 1.) motives and needs; 2.) equity theory; 3.) cognitive evaluation theory; 4.) goal-setting;
5.) expectancy theory; 6.) work design; and 7.) reinforcement theory (Ambrose and Kulik, 1999). There are also other theories emerging as a result of the change in the workplace; these
relate to creativity, groups and culture (Ambrose and Kulik, 1999). [Tutorial: As we begin the discussion of expectancy theory, we offer an explanation of how it is classified and then
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