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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A paper which looks at the differences between absolute and relative ethics, and considers how these principles can be applied to managerial utilitarianism in the prison service. Bibliography lists 6 sources
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: JL5_JLreleths.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
the nature of ethics and ethical systems is the dichotomy between absolute and relative values, and as Blackburn (2002) points out, this is not merely a theoretical issue but one
which must be taken into account when deciding how practical matters should be handled. If one adopts the stance that ethical values are absolute, this indicates that there are fundamental
values of moral "good" and "bad" which can be applied in all cases, and which will be equally valid no matter what the socio-cultural system in which they appear.
Human beings, on the whole, tend to assume that whatever moral values are
prevalent in their own culture are absolute: this assumption may be derived from religious belief systems which delineate moral and ethical codes as being of divine origin, or based on
a "common-sense" perspective. However, closer analysis of moral absolutes demonstrates that they are, in fact, less clear-cut than might at first appear. Christians who follow the commandment "thou shalt not
kill", for example, are forced to re-examine their views in the light of military service in wartime, and decide if it is morally right to follow the commandment as an
absolute, or to take the view that killing an enemy to defend ones country is not "covered" by the ethical imperative.
As Blackburn notes, ethics is by nature complex and vulnerable to various "threats" - scepticism, nihilism, altruism, and so
on. Because of this, one might consider that ethics are not founded in rationality, but are simply a result of social conditioning - people are "good" because that is what
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