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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page research paper/essay that discusses ethics and legality, which are concepts that are integrally related, but not necessarily synonymous, particularly within the scope of divergent cultural situations. In general, laws institutionalize what the majority of people in a culture recognize to be ethical conduct. However, what is considered to be ethical conduct can differ greatly between culture. Interpreting the subject of ethics, and particularly bioethics, within the framework provided by national laws that are not necessarily congruent is becoming increasingly problematic. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khethlaw.rtf
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majority of people in a culture recognize to be ethical conduct. However, what is considered to be ethical conduct can differ greatly between culture. Interpreting the subject of ethics, and
particularly bioethics, within the framework provided by national laws that are not necessarily congruent is becoming increasingly problematic. Nevertheless, during the last several years, there have been increasingly intense
efforts to globalize bioethics through "educational programs, policy development and infrastructure creation" (Marshall and Koenig 252). The World Health Organization (WHO), for example, created a new Ethics and Health Unit
in 2002, which is committed to facilitating development of programs addressing ethical issues in biomedicine and to encourage the implementation of ethics programs within healthcare organizations (Marshall and Koenig 252).
In investigating ethics within a multicultural, global context, however, certain quandaries come to light. For example, in the US, ethical experts agree and the law requires that patients should
give informed consent prior to medical interventions. However, traditional Navajo culture believes in the symbolic power of words to bring about the effects they describe. This cultural factor means that
a Navajo patient may believe that speaking openly about a poor prognosis may actually bring about death (Marshall & Koenig 252). In such a situation, is it ethical to pursue
informed consent as one would with other patients, who are not of this culture. Such questions that address the role of the law and ethics in healthcare practice are
generally brought up before clinical ethics committees (CECs), which have become a prominent feature in North American healthcare institutions (Doyal 144). CECs influence patterns of care in many hospitals by
ruling on ethical/legal matters, as well as providing "individual consultation on specific clinical cases" and by affecting the organization of education and training programs (Doyal 144). CECs also participate in
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