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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 3 page paper discusses some of the ethical issues facing the pharmaceutical industry. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVEthPhm.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
with pharmaceutical development. Discussion New drugs are constantly coming onto the market, and their development is not only often crucial to patients health, it is also big business. Skyrocketing drug
prices have led many people to question the industrys motives: there have been numerous "horror stories" of people having to cut their medication in half or skip it entirely because
its too expensive. Such situations lead people to wonder if the drug companies are acting to help save lives, or increase their profits; they wonder about the pharmaceutical industrys ethics.
The guidelines for ethics in the medical community in the U.S. are based on an English Code, "Sir Thomas Percivals Medical Ethics of 1803" (Swarbrick and Boylan, 2000, p. 303).
The guiding principles of Percivals code were "a respect for human life and service to humanity" (Swarbrick and Boylan, 2000, p. 303). The next major development in medical ethics came
at the end of World War II, when the extent of the Nazi atrocities came to light, and raised questions about medical experimentation (Swarbrick and Boylan, 2000). At that time,
three basic principles of medical ethics were outlined: first, obligations to the individuals who were involved in the research experiments were more important than obligations to the government; second, "the
distinction between therapeutic and nontherapeutic research is taken to have moral implications"; and third, informed consent from the subject of the test is "morally essential" (Swarbrick and Boylan, 2000, p.
303). In general, the public accepts randomized clinical trials of new drugs on humans as the most effective means of determining a drugs usefulness, so the issue of informed
consent is more important than ever. In addition, "[A]n experiment is inherently ethical or not ethical in its design and execution, and the most promising ends cannot justify unethical means"
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