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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
10 pages. This is a research essay on public administration and it looks at four scholarly articles that relate to public administration and policy. Topics focus on such things as the historical cycles of centralization and decentralization, whether or not compact cities are more desirable, performance measures in public organizations and the search for models of management. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_JGApubpo.rtf
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centralization and decentralization, whether or not compact cities are more desirable, performance measures in public organizations and the search for models of management. HISTORICAL CYCLES OF CENTRALIZATION/DECENTRALIZATION Public Administration
has long been a part of our government. When the colonial powers were routed from the third world around the mid-century, it does not surprise us to learn that
the new, indigenous governments that replaced them were almost everywhere highly centralized. Centralization of a government administrative system was usually part of the inheritance of the new government from
the colonists. Additionally, because agriculture and natural resources were the main economies in these countries, the focus was on public investment on national infrastructure networks that supported broad regional
development (e.g., dams, irrigation) and marketing its output (main roads, ports); and "these had to be planned from the center" (Fogg, 2000, PG). Sometime during the early 1970s, however,
the performance of most of these governments was becoming more commonly criticized as rigid, unresponsive, inefficient, and oftentimes ruled as corrupt. A number of explanations for their failures can
be considered. One of these reasons is the onset of rapid urbanization. In 1960 for instance, only twenty-two percent of the population of the worlds "less developed regions"
lived in their cities and towns, but over the next thirty years, the more urban areas received fifty-two percent of their total growth. Even more urbanization is anticipated. The
urban populations of these regions grew by 35 million per year between 1960 and 1990; they are expected to increase additionally by around 80 million annually between 1990 and 2020
(Fogg PG). By the late 1970s, most of the so-called centralized providers of national infrastructure were besieged with complaints from localities. The solution to this instance that was recommended
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