Here is the synopsis of our sample research paper on Enzymatic Polymorphism: Impacts to Drug Absorption and Toxicity. Have the paper e-mailed to you 24/7/365.
Essay / Research Paper Abstract
An 8 page discussion of enzymatic polymorphism as it relates to drug absorption and toxicity. The author emphasizes the prevalence of polymorphism and the impact it can have on patient treatment. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
8 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPmedEnz.rtf
Buy This Term Paper »
Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
have a number of implications for the pharmaceutical address of disease and toxicity. Enzymatic polymorphism affects a large component of our society and it can influence a number of
aspects of our health and welfare. Drug absorption, in particular, can be affected by variations in our enzymatic makeup. No better examples exist to support this contention than
those found in the so-called xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs). XMEs are a large class of enzymes with many familial branches.
One of the more interesting representatives of the XMEs is cytochrome P450 (CYP). This enzyme is believed to have originated some 1.5 billion years ago (Gullsten, 2001). First
found only in primitive organisms, these enzymes found their way up the evolutionary tree into more advanced life forms as well. One of their primary functions is the metabolizaton
of phytotoxins, toxins produced by plants that deter some animals from consuming them (Gullsten, 2001). The digestive systems of many of the more advanced animals evolved specifically to deal
with phytoxins. With that evolution came more and more diverse versions of the CYP genes. Gullsten (2001, 23) points out that natural selection and the "accumulated mutations, deletions, duplications,
and other changes" incurred by CYP families, they now are tremendously diverse both on an interspecies level and an interindividual level. About forty percent of humans are believed to
have polymorphic CYP genes, a fact that can have tremendous importance in the pharmacological treatment of disease and toxicity (Gullsten, 2001). CYPs are
important because they turn lipid-soluble compounds, both endogenous and exogenous compounds, into typically inactive metabolites (Gullsten, 2001). This is a process of detoxification (Gullsten, 2001). Sometimes, however, the
...