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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page discussion of the histological impacts of smoking. The author describes the breakdown of
cellular membranes and the disruption that occurs in normal cell division as a result of smoking. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPlungTs.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
with a number of adverse health impacts. Lung tissue is particularly susceptible to the impacts of smoking. Cigarette smoke results in the oxidation of cellular membranes. The
free radicals and other damaging compounds contained by the cigarette smoke thus ultimately result in the breaking down of cellular membranes (Stein 880). When foreign matter enters the lungs,
whether that foreign matter is organic or inorganic it is difficult to expel because of the action of cigarette smoke (Stein 880). As the cellular membranes weaken and ultimately
break because of the oxidation caused by the smoke, the lungs become an entry point for even more oxidizing agents (Stein 880). Antioxidant vitamins are destroyed and yet another
of the bodys protective factors in compromised (Stein 880). Smoking can be a contributing factor to such diseases as cancer, asthma, emphysema, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
The histological impacts vary more by degree than by nature for each of these diseases. Smoke contains a mixture of compounds that are
harmful to lung tissue. Carcinogenic compounds alone include: "polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including the
classical carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and the nicotine-derived tobacco-specific nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)" (Camino Medical Group). Ozone
is a compound of concern in cigarette smoke as well. Ozone affects respiratory function as well as does carbon monoxide. Ozone, however, is particularly alarming in its effects
on the cellular structure of the respiratory system. It actually burns though the cell walls of the lungs just minutes after entering the body (Moore). Cellular fluid escapes
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