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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 4 page paper discusses the impact of such doctrines as Absolutism and Mercantilism on European development. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HVEurCiv.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Rationalism and religious influences and how they changed the development of Europe in the 17th and 18th centuries, and how they still influence us. Absolutism The 16th and 17th
centuries were times of great change in Europe, and one of the most sweeping movements was the Reformation, which challenged the authority of the Catholic Church (Absolutism). "In particular,
the Reformation doctrines of individual liberty, the priesthood of all believers ... and the Calvinist idea of voluntary associations, spread political dissention and doubt across ... Europe" (Absolutism).
Political philosophers of the time tried to come to an understanding of these matters and in doing so developed "two contradictory approaches: natural law or the Divine Right of Kings"
(Absolutism). Those in the natural law camp believed that nations and their relationships with other nations should be governed by natural laws; those on the side of the Divine
Right of Kings followed a medieval system of thought which held that "certain kings ruled because they were specifically chosen by God to be kings" (Absolutism). Oddly enough, both
of these theories, though they are opposite, gave the same result: "that the best form of government is an autocracy, or rule by a single person" (Absolutism). Since
this person was not to be disobeyed or even questioned, his rule was absolute; "the monarch ruled with absolute power" - power he shared with no one else (Absolutism).
We can see the end of absolutism in the violence of the French Revolution, with its slaughter of the monarchy and the elite, and the rise of the middle class
to political power that had been unknown in France before then. Today however absolutism is really not of much consequence any longer, since most monarchies have been abolished, and
...