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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 6 page paper which examines the chief obstacles in the democratization of authoritarian systems, using Russia and Germany as case studies. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TG15_TGrussgerm.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
shift away from authoritarian regimes and toward democratic rule (Pei, 2002). Renowned political scientist Samuel Huntington described this transitional phenomenon as "the third wave of democratization" (Pei, 2002, p.
3). Huntington and other theorists believe that there are three notable contributing factors responsible for this rapid change in state rule (Pei, 2002). First, there has been a
perceived connection between economic prosperity, social development, and a democratic system of government, with a rising middle class representing a chief component of political and consumer power (Pei, 2002).
Second is the belief that emerging divisions within the authoritarian ruling elite intensified the move toward democracy; and third, the foreign intervention by established democratic powers that are willing to
provide the much-needed monetary assistance necessary to finance the transformation of authoritarian system to democratic rule (Pei, 2002). Despite this so-called third wave sweeping across the globe, most political systems
are not democratic, and while some of the new regimes have proven to be surprisingly durable, others have failed to significantly take hold. Why have some countries been more
successful in "implementing democratic reforms" than others? (Pei, 2002, p. 3). Obviously, all nation states have their own unique political, economic, and cultural characteristics that define them, each of
which have a profound effect upon the transition to democracy (Pei, 2002). The primary obstacles to democratization appear to be the controlling and pervasive style of authoritarianism, the role
of the state in regulating the economy, the position of the military in domestic and international politics, the external or international environment (and whether it is regarded as supportive or
as posing a threat), and the level of social inequality that exists. Two fairly recent case studies represent both ends of the democratization spectrum involve Russia and Germany.
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