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Defeat of Athens in Peloponnesian War (431 B.C. - 404 B.C.)

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A 10 page paper which examines why the powerful Athens failed to defeat Sparta. Bibliography lists 5 sources.

Page Count:

10 pages (~225 words per page)

File: TG15_TGathpel.rtf

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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:

Athens and Sparta, but would be the last and most decisive. Prior to the war, Athens had been what can best be described as a "superpower" among Greek city states. The city states all retained independent jurisdiction and so whenever clashes would inevitably result, force would be used, which meant a nearly continuous state of war (Greer, 1977). The Athenian democracy had reigned supreme under the leadership of the charismatic and inspirational orator, Pericles. When Athens ascended to an alliance united against the territorial threat of Persia, it began to exploit the alliance for its own purposes (Greer, 1977). In a move aimed at the consolidation of power, Athens formed the Delian League, which required anti-Persian members to contribute to a collective treasury that was controlled by the Athenians ostensibly for the construction of warships (Greer, 1977). However, long after the danger of a Persian military strike had passed, the Leagues members had ceased making treasury payments (Greer, 1977). Athens, which had come to rely on the revenues to finance territorial expansion, threatened to use force to ensure payments would continue. Therefore, in essence, "What had been contributions for the common defense against Persia turned into tribute to Athens" (Greer, 1977, p. 74). Many neighboring city states were appalled by Athens avarice and abuse of power, but none had the military might or strength of conviction to stand up to it, except for Sparta (Prescott, 1999). What became known as the Peloponnesian War (the Peloponnesians were a people under Spartan protection) was divided into three distinct phases: The Archidamian War, which lasted from 431 until 421 B.C.; the so-called Peace of Nicias / Sicilian Expedition, which lasted from 420 until 413 B.C.; and finally, the concluding Ionian War, which lasted from ...

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