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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page research paper that examines how two historians have analyzed Truman's decision to bomb Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The emphasis in this analysis how multiple models of historical analysis facilitate comprehension of why events occurred as they did. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khdecbom.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
of the Greeks and the barbarians, and, in particular, beyond everything else, to give the cause of their fighting one another" (Carr 113). As this indicates, the historian not only
considers what happened and when, but also why and how events took place in a specific manner. It is the particular function of the historian to investigate the causes behind
historical events (Carr 125). An excellent example of this sort of historical detection is provided by Davidson and Lytle in their discussion of why President Harry Truman dropped nuclear bombs
on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan during World War II. As to the question of why Truman made the decision to drop the bomb, the standard answer since WWII has
been that this was because the US wanted to end the war as quickly as possible and to minimize further loss of American life (Davidson and Lytle 287). This simplistic
answer assumes a "rational actor" perspective, which suggests that the decision was purely logical. However, historians since WWII have criticized US action based on this model. The American navy had
already created a right blockade around Japan, cutting their supplies of raw materials and isolating the Japanese army in Manchuria (Davidson and Lytle 292). Allied bombers had already leveled whole
sections of Tokyo. By July of 1945, Japan was ready to surrender, but feared, because of Roosevelts insistence on unconditional surrender, that the US would insist that their emperor step
down (Davidson and Lytle (293). Truman was well aware that the Japanese had already made overtures to the Soviet Union to act as intermediary in surrender negotiations with the US.
"Unconditional surrender is the only obstacle to peace" was the message cabled -- and intercepted by the US -- by the Japanese Foreign Minister to Moscow (Davidson and Lytle 293).
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