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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page paper is based on a self-assessment the student completed. The paper discusses the need for understanding other cultures, reports some of the constructs in Leininger's transcultural theory and comments on the student's own experiences. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
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5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGslfanr.RTF
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examining ones own cultural values, beliefs and attitudes, a person may learn if they hold any stereotypes or biases that would limit ones effectiveness in providing services (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). Self-assessments
can open ones eyes to any type of prejudice one might hold that would lead to discrimination in service (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). One of the most difficult challenges in providing
services to persons from a different culture has to do with non-verbal messages (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). In fact, non-verbal cues are most often the caused of miscommunications in any setting, even
within ones own family. As an example, Westerners, particularly Americans are trained to have good eye contact when conversing (Maier-Lorentz, 2008). This is a sign of attention and respect but
in other cultures, direct eye contact can mean quite the opposite. It was Leininger who brought theories from anthropology into nursing education and practice and referred to this as
transcultural nursing and health care. Leininger defines transcultural health care as using "knowledge to provide culture-specific or culture-universal care to individuals, families and groups of particular cultures" (cited by Narayanasamy
and White, 2005, p. 102). So, the first construct in Leiningers model is to gain knowledge and awareness of the other cultures attitudes and beliefs. Some examples of the
basic knowledge of other cultures in Leiningers theory are: culture is about norms and values within a specific group and that are passed down from one generation to the next;
the norms affect all aspects of life; the values in the culture dictate how its members are expected to act, thus, decision-making of any kind are guided by these values
(Fernandez and Fernandez, 2005). Transcultural nursing theory considers the patients cultural beliefs and attitudes (Fernandez and Fernandez, 2005). This student writer is fortunate to have lived within different cultures. Born
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