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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
Cryptococcus Neoformans is a pathogen to humans and can cause a range of conditions from asymptomatic illness to lethal systemic disease. This 3 page paper looks at the pathogen, its' ecology, the diseases, symptoms, occurrence, treatment and prognosis. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: TS14_TECryptoN.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
known since the nineteenth century. Cryptococcus neoformans was discovered in a piece of fermented peach in 1894 by Sanfelice, it was shortly after this it emerged as a human pathogen
when it was discovered in the lesions of a woman (Simmer and Secko, 2004). There are four serotypes of Cryptococcus neoformans with two varieties; based on the capsular agglutination they are
classified as A, B, C and D. A named as the category variety grubii, B and C are variety gattii and D is variety neoformans (Pickles, 2005, Simmer and Secko,
2004). In the Northern hemisphere it is var. grubbi and var. neoformans that are usually found. The majority of clinical strains come from the from var. grubbi but in patient
with a compromised immune system1 var. neoformans which is not usually pathogenic may be found to be pathogenic, both types are more commonly found in patients with compromised immune systems
(Nadrous et al, 2004, Simmer and Secko, 2004, Pickles, 2005). The stains have been isolated in pigeon guano and land or rotting vegetation near pigeons and chickens and to a
lesser extent other bird life, but pigeons do not contract any infections even thought the pigeon is found internally2, and there is no proof of infection close to pigeon colonies
(Pickles, 2005). In Australia and other southern hemisphere sub tropical regions it is var. gatti which is most common, this has been isolated near eucalyptus trees (Simmer and Secko,
2004). Unlike var. grubbi and var. neoformans, var. gatti is found equally in those with competent immune systems. Infection occurs by the inhalation of the basidiospores can vary between
an asymptomatic illness to fatal systemic disease usually effecting the lungs or the central nervous system (Nadrous et al, 2004). However, it is possible for the infection to disseminate into
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