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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This is a 6 page paper that provides an overview of the varying levels of corruption from one country to the next. It includes an analysis of how culture relates to ethical practices and institutional transparency. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MH11_KWcorrup.rtf
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or not the public institutions within a country operate in accordance with principles of openness and transparency, or whether they tend to engage in veiled and secretive practice such as
bribery and coercion. Interestingly, a countrys culture may well play a major part in their approach to these matters. This paragraph and the next helps the student discuss the differences
between the most and least corrupt countries. According to the research carried out by Transparency International (2009a), two of the least transparent and most corrupt countries as of 2009 are
Iran and Afghanistan. In both countries, there is a pervasive lack of transparency in which state functions are carried out in an insular fashion, detached from the public eye. In
Iran in particular, it seems as if the fundamental concept of institutional transparency is all but non-existent; not only are security and political institutions within the country notoriously secretive, there
is no measurable push for change within the countrys culture, almost as if transparency cannot be conceived (Transparency International, 2009a). Not surprisingly, the public relation with state institutions within Iran
tends to be volatile, with frequent instances of corruption (often violent ones) as a daily matter of course. Afghanistan, by contrast, lacks a culture that is belligerently opposed to institutional
transparency, but instead engages in a more traditionally duplicitous manner of corruption. Within the public sector, corruption is pervasive, including widespread extortion and bribery for basic public services (such as
help from the police), and an entirely unhidden system by which public official jobs are sold to the highest bidder (TI, 2009a). Additionally, according to Transparency International (2009a), the opium
trade continues to run rampant throughout the country, largely due to harsh legal recourse against civilians who possess or use drugs of any kind, including in some cases the death
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