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This is a 5 page paper comparing two readings from Margaret Mead and Ruth Benedict. Ruth Benedict’s “Patterns of Culture” and Margaret Mead’s “Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies” are considered prominent texts in the world of social and cultural anthropology. In “Patterns of Culture” Benedict tells her theory of the “Integration of Culture” where it is necessary not to study a culture by observing and generalizing the sum of its parts but in actual fact, cultures and the personalities within it can only be described as a whole concept where the influences, economics, religion and family dynamics must all be considered as an influences on the whole. In Margaret Mead’s study of “The Lake-Dwelling Tchambuli” of Papua New Guinea in “Sex and Temperament”, she accurately describes the tribe and its varied aspects of temperament and gender roles and finds them to differ greatly than the other tribes around it. The influences found within the Tchambuli and their different personalities, according to Benedict then, must be based on the unique and specific background of the cultural elements within the tribe.
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5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_TJRBene1.rtf
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world of social and cultural anthropology. In "Patterns of Culture" Benedict tells her theory of the "Integration of Culture" where it is necessary not to study a culture by observing
and generalizing the sum of its parts but in actual fact, cultures and the personalities within it can only be described as a whole concept where the influences, economics, religion
and family dynamics must all be considered as an influences on the whole. In Margaret Meads study of "The Lake-Dwelling Tchambuli" of Papua New Guinea in "Sex and Temperament", she
accurately describes the tribe and its varied aspects of temperament and gender roles and finds them to differ greatly than the other tribes around it. The influences found within the
Tchambuli and their different personalities, according to Benedict then, must be based on the unique and specific background of the cultural elements within the tribe.
In Margaret Meads "Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies" (1935, 1963), she reports her findings from her research of three cultures she studied in the Sepik region
of Papua New Guinea for two years. Upon studying the three cultures, she wanted to know to what extent temperamental differences and differences between the sexes were determined by cultural
traits or by innate traits (Margaret Mead: Human Nature, 2002). In Part Three of her work she studied "The Lake-Dwelling Tchambuli" as contrasted their behavior to that of the two
other tribes she studied there, the Arapesh and the Mundugumor. She found that among the Tchambuli, the males and females had very different temperaments with the females possessing dominant, impersonal
and managerial personalities while the males appeared to be less responsible and more emotionally dependent upon others (Margaret Mead: Human Nature, 2002). From these observations and the personalities she found
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