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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 4 page paper examining the early-1990s collapse of Canada's cod fisheries and the changes in the marine ecosystem that appear to be permanent. Overfishing is blamed for the original problem, but the reasons that cod have not recovered after more than a decade clearly have some other cause. The paper recommends giving greater heed to the declining tuna population, which in 2008 is showing similarities to cod in the 1970s. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Page Count:
4 pages (~225 words per page)
File: CC6_KSenvCodCol.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
lucrative until the mid-1950s, when it typically was accomplished from small boats and with little mechanization. In the 1950s, however, traditional methods were "displaced by a new breed of
factory-fishing vessel" (Canadian Atlantic Fisheries Collapse, n.d.) that came from many areas of the world to fish within Canadas 12-mile buffer area. Northern cod catches "peaked at just over
800,000 tons by 1968" (Canadian Atlantic Fisheries Collapse, n.d.) before declining to 300,000 tons in 1975. In 2003, European Union (EU) scientists suggested
a total ban on cod fishing off the coast of Scotland, saying, "The change over the last 25 years has been an almost continuous decrease - its gone down by
a very substantial amount" (Kirby, 2003). The suggestion was met with the same objections as those in Canada prior to the 1992 ban there. In Scotland as had
been the case in Canada in the late 1980s, commercial fishermen complained of lost livelihood and lost jobs. The result in Canada was that more than 40,000 jobs were
lost to unwillingness to voluntarily restrict the cod harvest. 2. What is the cause of the problem? The true cause of the problem is
unclear. Years ago, it was believed that overfishing was the culprit. Particularly after the "factory boats" arrived and indiscriminately scooped up mature and immature fish alike, overfishing likely
was the beginning point of the problem. Ceasing the practices of overfishing did not rectify the problem, however. Some (Frank, Petrie, Choi
and Leggett, 2005) believe that the dramatic decline in the 1970s and 1980s permanently altered food chain hierarchy. Others (Canadian Atlantic Fisheries Collapse, n.d.) blame mismanagement by both government
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