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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 7 page research paper that discusses the city beautiful movement and compares it to other urban reform movements that occurred at the end of the nineteenth century. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khcityb.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Babylon that we enjoy all the advantages of the city, and yet when we come home we are away from all the noise and dust."1 While this description fits with
the modern conception of suburban living, historian Kenneth Jackson points out that the majority of suburban living, throughout most of history, as been within the context of what can only
be referred to as slums.2 Over the last 150 years, cities have undergone transformations that make them not only "tremendous engines of wealth, innovation and creativity," but also environments that,
in many ways, are more beneficial to health than rural settings. For example, in general, two-thirds of the women who live in rural areas receive pre-natal car, but in cities
the figure is more than 90 percent.3 Todays urban areas offer longer life expectancies and a lower overall incidence of poverty, while also providing necessary social services at less cost
and on a broader scale than comparable services in rural areas.4 In his text on the cholera epidemic on the 1854 cholera epidemic that devastated London, historian Steven Johnson stresses
that todays urban environments are, largely, good for people and good for the earths environment as a whole, as urban areas reduce "mankinds environmental footprint."5 Reaching this point in the
history of urban development and city planning is the result of a lengthy evolutionary history. The following discussion relates a portion of that history by investigating the history of the
City Beautiful movement and contrasting it with other urban reform movements that were undertaken at the end of the nineteenth century. According to urban historian Jane Jacobs, one of
the most significant threads of influence on the course of urban development was the voice of "Ebenezer Howard, an English court reporter for whom planning was an avocation."6 Howard observed
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