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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page essay that offers the writer's analysis of the key differences between the Greek view of rhetoric (citing Aristotle) and the Roman (citing Cicero). Bibliography lists 2 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khcicr.rtf
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the Greek paradigm in its perspective and emphasis. An examination of writing of Aristotle and Cicero demonstrates these differences and shows how Roman rhetoric expanded beyond the more narrow focus
of Greek emphasis on the art of persuasion. Aristotle wrote in his text Rhetoric that "rhetorical study, in its strict sense, is concerned with the modes of persuasion," which
is a "sort of demonstration, since we are most fully persuaded when we consider a thing to have been demonstrated" (Aristotle). Rhetoric, then, can be defined as "the faculty of
observing in any case the available means of persuasion" (Aristotle). Delving into the topic further, Aristotle goes on to outline three modes of persuasion: arguments based on the character of
the speaker, emotional appeals that put the "audience into a certain frame of mind," and arguments offering proof, that is, logic (Aristotle). Rather than focusing on the way that
arguments and appeals can be categorized, Cicero focuses on the orators delivery and discusses rhetorical strategies in terms of the effect that these have on the speakers audience. Cicero says
that an orator can elicit three effects. He can "inform his hearers...please them...and move their passions" (Cicero). As this illustrates, both Aristotle and Cicero acknowledge that emotional appeals lay a
role in eloquent speech. Another similarity is that Cicero, like Aristotle, believes that an effective orator is a person of high moral character. However, Cicero goes beyond this requirement
and also specifies that an eloquent orator should be knowledgeable. Cicero specifies that the "eloquent Speaker we are inquiring after, cannot be formed without the assistance of Philosophy" (Cicero). As
this suggests, Cicero believed that a speaker should possess a broad range of knowledge on his subject and that it should be considered paramount that he can speak of his
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