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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page research paper that examines the ways in which Confucianism affected the way that Chinese and Japanese culture developed. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_90confu.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
Confucianism in both countries is very similar, as with other influences that these two cultures share, the Japanese and the Chinese reacted to Confucianism in their own distinctively different ways.
However, in each case, Confucianism served to define the basic framework that these cultures used to define the obligations towards one?s family and toward the state. Confucius and his followers
felt that there were five basic human relationships that governed the entirety of human experience. These were the relationship between lord and subject; father and son; husband and wife;
elder brother and younger brother; and friend and friend (Hane 27). Of these five relationships, the relationship that was stressed as being most significant was the one between father and
son and "filial piety was considered the cardinal virtue" (Hane 27). Japanese Confucians, like their Chinese counterparts, emphasized filial piety; but the Tokugawa rulers of Japan saw in Confucianism
an opportunity to use the philosophy to cement loyalties to the state. Consequently, they made loyalty to the lord equal to, or even more important, then filial piety (Hane 27).
The two became linked together in the Japanese mind. Social order was maintained by employing a hierarchical order that delineated the relationship between superior and inferior persons in the strictest
possible sense (Hane 27). In China, the emphasis on the father and son relationship tended to deflect interest from the husband and wife relationship. Women, who could be seen
as having a natural claim on their sons loyalties and their husbands affections, were considered to be a hindrance to the proper working of more important relationships. Therefore, while the
status of women in Japan was not great in later centuries, it was better then the status of women under Confucianism in China. At least the Japanese did not feel
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