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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 8 page paper discusses the causes of rapid urbanization during the last half of the 19th century, with an emphasis on the last decades of that century. The writer explains there were many factors contributing to the exploding population in cities, including industrialization and immigration. Comments regarding the factors involved in industrialization allow the connection to be made between urbanization and industrialization. Data regarding the population of cities, particularly New York and data regarding immigration are provided. The writer also discusses the consequences of urbanization, such as corruption, unsanitary living conditions and other effects. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
8 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PG19urb.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
big business, the development of large-scale agriculture, and the rise of national labor unions and industrial conflict" (Smithsonian Institution, nd). There were many reasons for the rapid urbanization
that occurred during the last half of the 19th century, such as industrialization and immigration. Following the end of the Civil War, two things happened in industries: first, many of
the old established industries expanded and second, new industries emerged (The Library of Congress, 2002). Some of the new industries included petroleum refining, electrical power and steel manufacturing (The Library
of Congress, 2002). There was also significant growth of railroads allowing people to travel further more quickly (The Library of Congress, 2002). Technological advances contributed to industrialization, which acted as
a catalyst for urbanization. Industrialization was the result of a number of different factors, also: 1. Population growth (Remmell, nd). Notice there is a reciprocal relationship between industrialization, population growth
and urbanization. Much of the growth in the population was due to foreign immigration. 2. Growth of manufacturing technology (Remmell, nd). 3. Advances in transportation and communications (Remmell, nd).
4. Development of news systems of business organization (Remmell, nd). This industrial age transformed the society in America to one that had a new class of wealthy industrialists (The Library
of Congress, nd). A more prosperous middle class also emerged during these decades (The Library of Congress, 2002). Not everyone enjoyed any semblance of prosperity, however. Many were unemployed for
different durations of time during each year (The Library of Congress, 2002). Wages were often very low (The Library of Congress, 2002). Work conditions were the catalyst for the emergence
of labor unions (The Library of Congress, 2002). At the same time, farmers were having difficulties sufficiently serious to make them give up their farms and move to the cities
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