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A 3 page essay that discusses 2 works. Samuel Butler in his satire Erewhon and George Eliot in her novel Middlemarch both offer social criticism of Victorian society. In each work, the authors offer scenarios that focus on what they perceive as deficits in British society in the nineteenth century. In both cases, the conclusions of the novels serve underscore their principal thematic content. No additional sources cited.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khbutelt.rtf
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on what they perceive as deficits in British society in the nineteenth century. In both cases, the conclusions of the novels serve underscore their principal thematic content. Erewhon is
a novel by Samuel Butler which was anonymously published in 1872. Supposedly, the title refers to a country discovered by the protagonist in the tradition of Gullivers Travels. The satire
employed by Butler can also be said to foreshadow the dystopian novel, such as the works of Aldous Huxley and George Orwell. While authors who imagine utopian societies are primarily
interested in social criticism that will make the world a better place, anti-utopians, such as Butler, primarily focus on offer dire warnings about the eventual consequences of contemporary actions. Butlers
Erewhon is a remote kingdom, not found on any map. As they have been cut off from the rest of the world, the citizens of Erewhon live according to the
rules of their society; however there are strong similarities between the people of Erewhon and Victorian England. Hypocrisy is omnipresent in this society. The citizens pay homage to deities that
personify lofty qualities such as love and justice, but this is mere show. Alluding subtly to the arguments ignited by Darwins Origin of Species, Butler relates a heated argument concerning
the rights of plants: "And when we call plant stupid for not understanding out business, how capable do we show ourselves of understanding theirs?" (Butler). Butler concludes his novel
by picturing the protagonist escaping from Erewhon, along with Arowhena. They are picked up by the ship Principe Umberto, bound for Genoa. The Italian captain signaled an English ship several
days later and the castaways were received onboard. Once home in England, the narrator comes up with a scheme to transport Erewhonians to Queensland to provide a cheap labor force.
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