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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
Botox: The Use of the Botulinum Toxin In the Treatment of Muscular
Spasms A 10 page overview of the pharmacological utilization of the
neurotoxin Botulinum. This paper clarifies that while Botulinum is one
of the most lethal agents known to humanity, so lethal in fact that it
is one of the most feared in terms of being incorporated into biological
terrorism because it can rapidly induce cardiac and respiratory
paralysis, it is also of direct benefit in the treatment of muscular
spasms. The author details the physiological mechanism of the manner in
which Botox intervenes neurologically to reduce or eliminate spasms.
Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPbotox.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
The neurotoxin Botulinum is one of the most lethal agents known to humanity, so lethal in fact that it is one of
the most feared in terms of being incorporated into biological terrorism because it can rapidly induce cardiac and respiratory paralysis (Medical Update, 1995). Cylke and Kurt (1995) estimate the
toxicity of this neurotoxin at ten-thousand times that of dioxin. Most commonly identified with food poisoning, the neurotoxin is produced by the gram positive anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum.
Interestingly, Botulinum is now being used in a wide variety of positive applications. From reducing facial wrinkles, to treating the
disorder known as club foot, to treating Parkinsons patients for the difficulties they sometimes encounter in eliminating solid wastes from their bodies, the highly potent neurotoxin Botulinum is proving to
be multifaceted in terms of the good for which it can be utilized. One of the most fascinating of the neurotoxins wide-spread utilizations is its use in reducing muscle
spasms. The National Institute of Health (2002, PG) reports: "Advantage can be taken of
this neuromuscular blocking effect to alleviate muscle spasm due to excessive neural activity of central origin or to weaken a muscle for therapeutic purposes".
Used in a highly diluted form called Botox (botulinum toxin type A) and injected in localized areas it can be
used to treat a wide variety of neuromuscular disorders (Medical Update, 1995). In actuality there are seven serologically distinct toxins which are produced by Clostridium botulinum (Tan, 2002).
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