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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page research paper that discusses academic achievement in adolescent African American males and relates this to the under-treatment of this disorder in the African American population. The writer further argues that conduct disorder is over-diagnosed in this population. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khaamen.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
that these educational goals are not being reached by many African American students, particularly males (Bailey, 2003). Roughly 22.4 percent of African American males, ages 20 to 24, leave school
prior to earning a high school diploma (Bailey, 2003). Additionally, only 18.4 percent of African Americans males ages 25 to 29 hold a bachelors degree (Bailey, 2003). The severity of
these educational statistics suggest that something is systemically wrong in the way that educational problems for African American children (especially boys) are being addressed. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is
a diagnosis that is typically applied to children and adolescents who have difficulty focusing or paying attention in class (Spencer and Oatts, 1999). The ADHD diagnosis is classified into two
subcategories. ADHD with inattention, according to DSM-IV criteria, describes a student who "fails to pay close attention to details, has difficulty sustaining attention, does not seem to listen when spoken
to, or who has difficulty organizing tasks and activities" (Spencer and Oatts, 1999, p. 73). ADHD with hyperactivity-impulsivity describes a students who seems "fidgety" and has difficulty remaining seated, "runs
about excessively and blurts out answers before questions have been completed" (Spencer and Oatts, 1999, p. 73). The role of teachers and school counselors is instrumental in reaching a diagnosis
of ADHD. Another disorder that is frequently associated with school failure is Conduct Disorder (CD), which is characterized in the DSM-IV criteria as a "repetitive and persistent pattern of
behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated" (Spencer and Oatts, 1999, p. 73). While ADHD is attributed to a dysfunction
of the central nervous system, CD is attributed to social maladjustment (Spencer and Oatts, 1999). As this indicates, there are serious negative connotations associated with CD that are not associated
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