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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 6 page paper. Bipolar disorder is often treated with a combination of medication and minimal psychotherapeutic intervention. This paper reports the results from studies where cognitive behavioral therapy was introduced. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MM12_PGbipl.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
lithium. It takes time for lithium or any other drug to have an effect. Medications help control the core symptoms but they do not make the long-term social changes needed.
Psychotherapy is needed to make the behavioral changes the patient needs to make. There has been some success with the use of cognitive therapy approaches for both adult children patients.
There has also been some success with the use of both cognitive behavioral and interpersonal psychotherapeutic approaches for treating depression. Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer commented that since so many drugs
have come along for treating bipolar disorder, psychotherapy, which used to be the only treatment available, has been pushed aside in favor of medications (2002). Still, it is known that
environmental factors play a role in bipolar episodes, either mania or depression (Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002). The authors also report that "certain dysfunctional cognitions, related to unipolar depression, are
also seen in remitted bipolar patients" (Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002, p. 241). In recent years, psychotherapy has been found to modify environmental risks as well as to "improve patient
medication compliance and acceptance of the illness" (Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002, p. 241). There are a number of psychotherapeutic interventions that have been shown to help patients, including "cognitive
behavior therapy and interpersonal therapy" (Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002, p. 241). Both of these approaches have been shown to be effective in treating "acute, mild, and moderate depression"
(Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002, p. 241). If depression is severe, however, any psychotherapeutic approach must be combined with medication (Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002, p. 241). The authors state
that education is important as part of the treatment plan (Oerlinghausen, Berghofer and Bauer, 2002). Therapists can work with patients to help enhance their self-esteem, improve their interpersonal relationships and
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