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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page research paper that focuses on the effects of medications used to treat bipolar disorder and includes diagnosis procedures and the role of the athletic trainer in regards to clients with this problem. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: KL9_khbipolar.doc
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
positive mood, and periods of depression, with periods of relatively normal mood also occurring as part of a continuous cycle (Houglum and Harrelson, 2011). There are four categories of mood
episodes: mania, major depression, hypomania and mixed mood (Houglum and Harrelson, 2011). Heredity acts as a major risk factor the average age of the onset of the disorder is around
20. The incidence of bipolar disorder in the US is roughly 1.5 percent of the population and the first symptoms tend to develop at sometime between adolescence and middle age
(Houglum and Harrelson, 2011). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) lists four types of bipolar disorder: Bipolar I disorder; Bipolar II disorder;
Cyclothymic disorder and Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (Ketter and Wang, 2010). Diagnoses are made based on the presence of symptoms described in the extensive criteria given in the DSM-IV-TR.
While the diagnostic criteria differ for each type, they share the signs and symptoms associated with the manic and depressive phases of the disorder. Manic symptoms include racing thoughts, euphoria,
inflated sense of self=esteem, agitation or irritation, aggressive behavior, risky behavior and poor judgment, as well as other symptoms (Ketter and Wang, 2010). Depressive symptoms include anxiety, guilt, hopelessness, sadness,
sleep problems, fatigue, and problems concentrating, among others (Ketter and Wang, 2010). Diagnosing bipolar disorder accurately is challenging because of its similarity to other disorders. The incorrect diagnosis that
is most commonly made is major depressive disorder (Ketter and Wang, 2010). Nevertheless, it is the presence of both manic and depressive mood swings that dictates this diagnosis. Furthermore, there
are other stipulations that indicate diagnosis of the various subtypes. For example, a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder necessitates that clients should have experienced significant difficulty either at their job
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