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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page paper that summarizes and critiques a study article by Craig, et al (1996), which evaluated the efficacy of three treatment interventions designed to aid stuttering in children/adolescents aged 9-14. No additional sources cited.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khcraigs.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
no-treatment control group, which was comprised of children similar in age and sex ratio to those in the experimental groups, who were on the waiting list for treatment for stuttering.
Design of the Study: Participants were evaluated across 3 speaking contexts and evaluation was based on the number of syllables stuttered as well as syllables spoken per minute. This
clinical trial was designed to conform to the "gold standard" of controlled clinical trials, as it included all the elements that are associated with obtaining valid results; however, it was
not possible to incorporate all "gold standard" measures as it was no possible to either randomize the subjects or use double-blind methodology (Craig, et al, 1996, p. 811). Selection
of the Participants: The researchers developed extensive, but appropriate criteria for inclusion and exclusion of participating children. No children were included who had been in treatment for stuttering within the
last 3 months, for example. However, while their criteria is logical, the researchers do not offer a clear explanation the allocation of the children to the various study groups could
not be randomized. Rationale for Control Group: The researchers indicate that the subjects for the control group were "recruited form stuttering waiting lists after the conclusion of the three
experimental trial" (Craig, et al, 1996, p. 811). It may be that the researchers assumed that their readers would perceive that this control group performs the standard role of such
groups by offering an example of what degree of improvement might have occurred over the course of the study period without any treatment intervention occurring. Reliable, valid measures taken:
The researchers gave considerable attention to issues of reliability, not only in regards to the reliability of the study instruments, but also in evaluation of stuttering. All tapes were evaluated
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