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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 5 page report discusses the classical philosopher Aristotle and the 18th century British philosopher and economist Adam Smith and how their views on reason and sentiment related to what each perceived to be the nature of virtue. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
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5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_BWariada.rtf
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common to every creature. The other non-rational element is the basis of desire or the appetite. This aspect can be trained or persuaded to obey the second element of the
soul, the reason. The fact that the desiring capability can be persuaded to obey means that it has its own type of reason. Therefore, the rational faculty of the soul,
the part that is able to understand and to know, is also composed of two parts. One of those parts has the ability to reason about things within itself, and
understand mathematics and other theoretical sciences. The other part listens to reason "as one would listen to a father." Adam Smith (1723-90), was a British philosopher and economist whose
economic-based philosophy and philosophical economics served as the earliest and most basic understanding of Western capitalism. It was in his "The Wealth of Nations" that he put forth the
ideas of laissez-faire ("let the buyer beware") and the importance of free trade. In his philosophy, every individual is in pursuit of his or her own best interest and the
result of that process is the best interest of all. Viewpoints on Virtue Aristotle asserted that there was no absolute, objectively, existing moral standard. This fact should be kept
in mind in understanding that for Aristotle whether a certain kind of behavior was moral or not depended on the type of action performed, and the motivation of the person
performing the action. Virtue is what Aristotle referred to as a "mean relative to us." It is applying general principles to individual action. Aristotle also raised the question as to
who was the higher moral agent, the state or the individual, and answered it in favor of the individual. For the first time in Western philosophy, the individual had become
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