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Adolescent Development - Freud, Erikson And Vygotsky

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Essay / Research Paper Abstract

This 4 page paper provides a brief overview of the highlights of each theorist's thoughts on development as it pertains to adolescents. The writer discusses how each is helpful to the person working with teenagers. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

Page Count:

4 pages (~225 words per page)

File: MM12_PGfevy.RTF

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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:

development are sequential and invariable, which means that each individual must transition through each stage successfully and in sequence. If an individual fails to accomplish the goals or resolve the conflict at a stage, that individual is likely to have mental health or personality problems in the future. Freud was the first theorist to discuss the developmental stages of humans. He developed a set of five psychosexual developmental phases which he called: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital (ETR Associated, 2007). Freud argued that all humans are driven by the need to satisfy different biological needs, which is why the phases in his developmental theory are related to human organs. Adolescents are in the genital stage, which begins at puberty, according to Freud (ETR Associated, 2007). This is the time when individuals learn to develop relationships with the opposite gender (ETR Associated, 2007; Powell, 2004). This stage is also about gaining maturity and enhancing life, including both intellectual and artistic creativity (ETR Associated, 2007; Powell, 2004). One of the difficulties for adolescent boys is resolving the Oedipal complex that requires boys to gain independence from their fathers (Powell, 2004). Both genders are involved in the process of individuation, or, establishing psychic separation from parents (Powell, 2004). Eriksons theory focuses on psychosocial development, which is reflected in his Eight Stages of Human Development. The stages, in order, are: infancy, toddler, early childhood, school age, adolescence, young adulthood, middle adulthood and late adulthood (Boeree, 2006). Each stage is comprised of a conflict the individual must resolve in order to develop a healthy personality. Adolescents are in Stage 5 in Eriksons schema, which spans from about age 13 to 18. The crisis or conflict at this stage is Identity vs. Role Confusion (Boeree, 2006). This is a very difficult ...

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