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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 8 page paper provides an overview of the Supreme Court case of Adarand v. Pena. The case of Adarand v. Pena (1995) underscores some of the central arguments both for and against affirmative action initiatives, and provides some insight into the conflicts that have arisen from seeking affirmative action initiatives in particular situations. This case also suggests the underlying reasons for changes in affirmative action policies in recent years. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
7 pages (~225 words per page)
File: MH11_MHAdaran.rtf
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reverse discrimination more commonly occurs as a result of implementing affirmative action policies. Inherent in the development of the affirmative action initiatives is the use set asides (quotas) for
women and minorities that improves chances for employment for these populations. When affirmative action was first introduced, its primary purpose
was to give minority groups the same -- or better -- chance as their white counterparts. What that meant for federal agencies was if two candidates were equally qualified
on all levels, yet one was a minority and the other was white, the minority employee or bidder would automatically be accepted. There are times, critics have since argued,
when an underqualified minority wins out over a qualified white male just to meet the necessary quota (set aside). Critics would argue that the real life
application of affirmative action is anything but perfect, and that the reverse discrimination is problematic when applied on a federal level. For example, critics have argued that double standards
are prevalent throughout employment and economic institutions as minority groups have been instrumental in taking advantage of a system that was supposed to offset racial discrimination, not make it worse
from the other direction. Some critics contend that affirmative action has had a crippling effect upon minority groups because of its obvious message of inferiority. It has, in all
actuality, described minorities as being unable to fend for themselves in the educational, economic and employment system, always having to depend upon assistance if they ever wanted to succeed.
At the same time, affirmative action supporters have argued that the measure provided a means by which minorities could get a "foot-in-the-door," but did not provide for support for inefficient
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