Here is the synopsis of our sample research paper on Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion Processes for Phenobarbitone. Have the paper e-mailed to you 24/7/365.
Essay / Research Paper Abstract
An overview of the processes affecting phenobarbitone action in the human system. This paper observes the importance of enzymatic reactions in the drugs metabolism as well as factors such as pH and drug interactions. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AM2_PPphenob.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
enzyme inducer. Metabolized primarily in the liver, it stimulates the production of enzymes such as CYP2D6 (St. James Hospital, 2000). Maximum physiological effect is typically not achieved for
two to three weeks (St. James Hospital, 2000). The absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of phenobarbitone, however, is affected by a number of physiological considerations.
One of the most important factors in phenobarbitone metabolism is the enzymatic regime to which the drug is exposed. Although CYP enzymes are found in every
cell of the body, they are particularly concentrated in the liver in the endoplasmic reticulum of the liver hepatocytes and in the small intestine (Woods, 2003). There is considerable
variation in the CYP enzymes, however. These enzymes are polymorphic. Certain races or even certain people might have more active versions of CYP enzymes than do others. CYP2D6
for example, the enzyme most responsible for phenobarbitone metabolism, has variations in alleles that can make certain individuals fast phenobarbitone metabolizers (Woods, 2003). Other individuals, however, might not be
able to metabolize this drug under certain conditions or achieve the desired pharmacological effect (Woods, 2003). Just as concerning, these individuals might experience toxicity under a pharmacological regime containing
phenobarbitone or other drugs that they cannot metabolize due to an enzyme variation that is specific to them (Woods, 2003). The
implications that enzyme polymorphism have in medicine are many. Enzymatic polymorphism is not that infrequent within the patient base. Eight percent of Caucasians and four percent of African Americans
fall into the CYP2D6 "poor metabolizers" category (Woods, 2003). Although less than one percent of Asians fall into this category strict attention must still be given to the possibility
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