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This 6-page paper provides a summary of three articles and discussions about realism theory in international relations. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
6 pages (~225 words per page)
File: AS43_MTpolartan.doc
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throw many topics out there to see what will be accepted or what will be argued about. One such topic involves that of realism; an academic theory explaining why states
seek power and launch conflicts. But even within the realism school are two different viewpoints: Defensive realists point out that states obtain power to ensure their survival; while offensive realists
are more interested in extending their power with the goal of becoming a global power. Taliaferro, in his discussion about expansion, throws
in terms such as defensive realism, offensive realism and incentives for international expansion. The bulk of his discussion, however, focuses not so much on which is better than the other,
but rather, points out that defensive realists need to crystallize their positions for the following reasons: 1) Under certain situations, nondemocratic states can
avoid war and can engage in mutually beneficial cooperation; 2) Debates within certain research traditions (rather than between them) can boost progress in
the study of international progress, rather than hinder it and 3) Nonrealists (such as neoliberal institutionalism, cultural theorists and democratic peace theorists)
are skeptical of realism approaches, whether the approach is offensive realism or defensive realism. Taliaferro then goes on to point out that
defensive realism is focused on four auxiliary assumptions. First, the security dilemma interferes with anarchy; second, modifiers such as offense-defense balance, geographic proximity and access to raw materials tend to
influence the security dilemma between two states. Third, material power tends to drive foreign policies through leaders calculations and perceptions; and fourth, domestic policies are great at ensuring that a
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