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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 5 page research paper that offers a first-person account of a challenging learning experience personal to the writer/tutor. This account discusses the writer’s feelings and attitudes toward the experience in terms of classical conditioning and negative reinforcement. The writer then relates how the learning was finally accomplished in terms of the constructivist paradigm. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
5 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_khchlex.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
of her own experience. I have always been intimidated by technology and approach technology-related tasks, such as learning how to navigate the Internet and use computer programs, with a total
sense of inadequacy, fear and a sense that "I cant do this." At the onset of learning something new on the computer, therefore, there is considerable anxiety. Classical conditioning
plays a role in producing this response because I have had numerous negative experiences with trying to learn technology. Psychologist B.F. Skinner defined operant conditioning and this learning perspective in
terms of describing behavior as a "function of (maintained by) consequences that occur contingent upon those behaviors" (Barnhill, 2005, p. 131. My first experiences on a computer were extremely
negative because this was back in the days of the DOS operating system (Prior to Windows). The conditioned negative response that developed actively interfered with my learning. Looking back
at the sensations and perceptive processes involved, I can clearly remember the feeling that my mind was shutting off, not working properly whenever I approached the computer. This was a
learning experience that I was attempting as an adult, with no one to guide me. The manual was two-inches thick and the commands were incomprehensible to me. Therefore, there was
no positive reinforcement for me and an aversion to the machine developed. Positive reinforcement refers to when an event or stimulus that "increases the probability of the behavior in the
future" whereas negative reinforcement involves the "removal, delay, avoidance or reduction of an event that increases the probability of the behavior in the future" (Barnhill, 2005, p. 131). When a
teacher gives a first-grader a sticker for completing a homework assignment, the student feels pleased with acknowledgement of his or her accomplishment, and the behavior is positively reinforced (Barnhill,
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