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A 3 page research paper that, first of all, gives a brief description of a 2x2 factorial study that analyzed the effects of food and exercise on frailty in the elderly. Then the writer offers various definitions. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_kh2x2.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
has been defined as a "state of reduced physiologic reserve associated with increased susceptibility to disability" (De Jong, et al, 2000, p. 947). Both inactivity and inadequate diet contribute to
skeletal mass, which can result in bone fractures from minimal trauma. The research question for this study is how to successfully intervene to help elderly individuals maintain their skeletal and
lean muscle mass and, thereby, reduce frailty. Hypothesis Physical frailty in the elderly results from a sedentary lifestyle, which causes lower energy levels, which, in turn, results in a
reduction in appetite. This puts elderly individuals at risk for micro-deficiencies in some nutrients. Realizing these causes of frailty, De Jong, et al (2000) hypothesized that an intervention that combined
the effects of enriched food and all-around physical exercise would improve the stamina of elderly individuals, preserve bone and muscle mass, and, thereby, aid them in fighting against frailty.
Variables In order to determine the effects of food and exercise, the researchers instituted a 2x2 factorial design in which enriched food and an exercise program constituted the two independent
variables, with the frailty of the elderly individuals in the sample group constituting the dependent variable. Factorial design Exercise Enriched food Exercise program No exercise program No enriched food
Exercise program No exercise program As this chart illustrates the 2x2 factorial design dictated that the sample group should be divided into four sub-groups. Group 1 received enriched food,
but did not participate in the exercise portion of the study. Group 2 exercised but did not receive enriched food. Group 3 did both, that is, they ate an
enriched diet and participated in the exercise portion of the study. Group 4, the control group, did not participate in either activity. They ate their regular diet and pursued their
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