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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 3 page paper is a brief look at some of the characteristics of life in 19th century Russia. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Page Count:
3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_HV19russ.rtf
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wars. From 1806-1812, Russia fought Turkey and acquired Bessarabia; from 1808-1809 it fought Sweden and acquired Finland; then in 1812, Napoleon invaded and although he was eventually defeated by the
Russian winter, the campaign was hard on the Russian people (Gocsik, 2003). Russia fought Persia from 1826-1828, gaining Armenia and then in 1828-1829, she again fought Turkey and moved into
the Balkans (Gocsik, 2003). In 1853, she fought Turkey again; and in 1854-1856, she was involved in the Crimean War; in 1877, she was at war with Turkey once again
(Gocsik, 2003). Interspersed among these seemingly endless conflicts was the work of some of the greatest people who ever lived: Pushkin, Turgenev, Tolstoy Chekhov, and Gogol all wrote during
this century; Tchaikovsky composed his gorgeous symphonies and ballets; and Mendeleev created the periodic table (Gocsik, 2003). But these achievements were the exception, not the rule, for most of the
Russian population lived in poverty and the country was generally considered backward by the rest of the European nations. The failure of Russia to live up to the potential shown
by such monarchs as Peter and Catherine might be laid at the feet of Nicholas I, who came to the throne after his older brother, Alexander I, died and his
second brother, Grand Duke Constantine, refused the crown (Levykin, 1999). His first act as Emperor "was the execution of the participants in the uprising of December 14, 1825" (Levykin, 1999).
That set the tone for his entire reign, which lasted until 1855. During his reign, "absolute monarchy in military and civil areas" flourished; and he "strengthened and centralized bureaucratic structures
to an unprecedented degree" (Levykin, 1999). He was a harsh despot who suppressed "any sign of liberalism in Russia" with great brutality (Levykin, 1999). His foreign policy was disastrous as
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