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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
A 3 page research paper that lists and discusses 10 common fallacies, that is, errs in reasoning. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
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3 pages (~225 words per page)
File: D0_kh10fal.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
a subject. Specifically, a fallacy is "an argument in which the premises given for the conclusion do not provide the needed degree of support" (Labossiere).The following discussion lists 10 common
fallacies with examples explaining each one. 1. Accent: A fallacy of "accent" encompasses using ambiguity so that how a given statement is understood relies on the "different ways a
word is emphasized or accented" (Dowden). For example, a Representative is asked if he or she supports the new missile defense bill and the response is "Im in favor of
a missile defense system that effectively defends America" (Dowden). If the listener understands the word "favor" as being accented, the remark is interpreted to mean that the Congressperson favors the
bill. If the phase "effectively defends" is understood to be accented and the Representative believes that the bill does not fit this description, this changes the way in which is
the response is perceived (Dowden). 2. Accident: An accident fallacy refers to instances where generalizations are made that do not fit all contingencies. For example, someone borrows a knife
and it is agreed that the knife will be returned. However, the person who owns the knife makes it clear that he intends to harm people with it. He reasons
that the borrower is being unfair not to return it as this generalization was not covered in the original agreement (Dowden). 3. Ad Hominem: This type of fallacy occurs
when a person attacks an aspect of the opponents personality, behavior or reputation rather than basing an argument on refuting that opponents facts or evidence (Groarke). For example, in
a debate that was televised in Denmark, a debater argued that the his opponent wanted to dissolve the ties between church and state in Denmark in order to "further his
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