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Essay / Research Paper Abstract
This 10 page paper examines various concepts in ethics and philosophy. The first essay (5 pages) examines the theories of utilitarianism, deontology, egoism, subjectivism and social contract theory. The second essay (3 pages) examines normative ethics, meta-ethics, and applied ethics. The final essay is two pages and examines objectivism and relativism. Examples are provided throughout.
Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Page Count:
10 pages (~225 words per page)
File: RT13_SA6243.rtf
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Unformatted sample text from the term paper:
fall into that category. And then there are theories that look at the larger picture such as utilitarianism which considers the needs of all of the people in a quantifiable
manner and social contract theory that also considers the whole. In delving into the subject, these and other theories will be explored. In meta-ethics, subjectivism is a position that
many people who oppose objectivism might be aligned with ( Shafer-Landau & Feinberg, 2004). Authors write: "According to meta-ethical subjectivism, the purpose of moral judgment is not to report personal
or social attitudes, but rather to express ones feelings or voice ones commitments" (Shafer-Landau & Feinberg, 2004, p. 516). Moral judgments then go to the emotional. An example is provided
by authors, suggesting that the admonition that infanticide is bad comes from an emotional reaction (Shafer-Landau & Feinberg, 2004). An extension of subjectivism, but sometime distinctly different is egoism.
People who are pursing an end, only with their own well-being in mind, and incapable of doing things for others are in the grips of psychological egoism (Shafer-Landau & Feinberg,
2004). In respect to utilitarianism, the starting premise is that happiness can be measured. In terms of ethics, decisions are supposed to be made to render the greatest happiness for
the greatest number. That is all that utilitarianism is equated with. There are different types of utilitarian theories such as act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism, but for purposes of discussion,
the idea that the greatest happiness for the greatest number will be used as the definition of the position. Deontology is a theory that does not embrace consequentialism at all.
In fact, it is the precise opposite. Deontology is a theory that is aligned with doing ones duty as opposed to considering the consequences of actions (Shafer-Landau & Feinberg, 2004).
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